Create economically and socially viable local communities with accessible local amenities. This includes citywide access to safer walking, biking, nature, public spaces with public transport supporting mobility, recreation, access to services and social interactions, which reduces the use of energy and resources (2−4).
Land use planning
Community, national
Infrastructure, technology or built environment
UED.TK.ZZ
Public facilities or infrastructure development in relation to open space planning services, systems and policies
UED.VB.ZZ
Awareness raising in relation to open space planning services, systems and policies
Create variety in spatial planning, such as in land parcel size, forms of land tenure and size of housing to facilitate more socially inclusive (public) places and (green) spaces (2, 4).
Land use planning
Community, national
Infrastructure, technology or built environment
UEC.TK.ZZ
Public facilities or infrastructure development in relation to architecture and construction services, systems and policies
+
UED.TK.ZZ Public facilities or infrastructure development in relation to open space planning services, systems and policies
Plan places that are more resilient to climate change and natural disasters: create well-designed and accessible green and blue spaces which also act as buffer zones and functional landscapes (2).
Land use planning
Community, national
Infrastructure, technology or built environment
UED.WJ.ZZ&UBS&UBF
Policy change in relation to open space planning services, systems and policies
Climate change
Natural events
Design human settlements which are less demanding on resources: protect and restore urban ecosystems, use naturebased solutions, innovative solutions and good practices of production, consumption, waste reduction and disposal to promote health, protect the environment and improve resilience to climate change (2, 4).
Land use planning, industry, environment, other sectors
Community, national
Infrastructure, technology or built environment, other management and control
UED.TB.ZZ&UAN&UBS
Planning in relation to open space planning services, systems and policies
Products and technology of land development
Climate change
+
UED.TK.ZZ&UAN&UBS
Public facilities or infrastructure development in relation to open space planning services, systems and policies
Products and technology of land development
Climate change
+
UED.TM.ZZ&UAN&UBS
Environmental modification in relation to open space planning services, systems and policies
Products and technology of land development
Climate change
Implement interventions in polluting sectors, such as in transport and industries, and promote cleaner indoor air through access to cleaner fuels and technologies for cooking, heating and lighting (3); see also Chapter 2. Air pollution.
Transport, industry, energy: other sectors
Community, national
Other management and control
UBM.VR.ZZ
Reducing emissions in relation to outdoor air quality
Provide well-managed WASH facilities, adequate waste disposal and housing and access to healthy food (see relevant sections in this compendium) (4).
Water/sanitation, waste, housing, food
Community, national
Infrastructure, technology or built environment
UET.RG.ZZ
Providing water collection, treatment and supply services, systems and policies
+
UEU.RG.ZZ
Providing sewerage services, systems and policies
+
UEV.RG.ZZ
Providing waste collection and disposal services, systems and policies
+
UEE.RG.ZZ
Providing housing services, systems and policies
+
UEB.RD.ZZ&UAB
Providing services, systems and policies for the production of consumer goods
Food
Strengthen institutions for integrated urban and territorial planning: increase capacity for integration and participation, and inform and integrate decision-making processes for urban policies with other relevant sectorial policies and interventions, including through the HiAP framework (2, 4, 5).
Land use planning, health
Community, national
Governance
UED.VA.ZZ
Capacity building in relation to open space planning services, systems and policies
Perform health and economic impact assessments for urban policies, including health equity assessments, linking to social and environmental impact assessments; involve communities in the assessment of impacts of local interest (2, 4).
Land use planning, health
Community, national
Universal health coverage
Assessment and surveillance
UED.AA.ZZ
Assessment in relation to open space planning services, systems and policies
+
UAN.AA.ZZ
Assessment in relation to products and technology of land development
Allocate resources across sectors to account for the expected health impacts of sector-based policies. Use fiscal and financial mechanisms to influence the urban determinants of health, through investments in health-enhancing policies as well as taxation of unhealthy products and practices (2, 4).
Finance, health, environment
Community, national
Taxes and subsidies
UE1.WG.QF
Applying economic incentives in relation to services, systems and policies, unspecified
Monitor and track risks to health and wellbeing of different population groups; monitor the adoption of policies and investments that address these health risks; and assess cities’ health performance using timely data and targeted indicators (2, 4).
Health, environment
Community, national
Universal health coverage
Assessment and surveillance
UE1.VC.ZZ
Public health surveillance in relation to services, systems and policies, unspecified
Develop the necessary capacity, skills, SOPs, training procedures and job functions for the public health system to integrate health into urban development and deliver on the New Urban Agenda (2, 4).
Health, land use planning
National, community
Universal health coverage
Information, education and communication
UEP.VA.ZZ&UED
Capacity building across health services, systems and policies
Open space planning services, systems and policies
+
UEP.PH.ZZ&UED
Training across health services, systems and policies
Open space planning services, systems and policies
Develop a common vision for social cohesion and health equity by adopting a person-centred “right to health” framework that includes the right to access, use and sustainably transform urban environments (2, 4, 6).
Health, land use planning
National, community
Universal health coverage
Other management and control
SX1.VA.ZZ
Capacity building in relation to engaging in community, social and civic life
• UN-Habitat/WHO 2020: Integrating health in urban and territorial planning: a sourcebook for urban leaders, health and planning professionals (2)
One of the main challenges today is to ensure that urban and regional leaders have the knowledge and guidance to integrate health and well-being into their planning processes. This guidance document Integrates health in urban and territorial planning, a sourcebook designed as a tool to assist national governments, local authorities, planning professionals, health professionals and civil society organizations on how to improve planning frameworks and practice through the incorporation of health considerations, at all levels of governance and across the spatial-planning continuum. The sourcebook explains why health needs to be a part of urban and territorial planning and how to make it happen, offering a comprehensive variety of resources, including frameworks, entry points, guidance and tools, as well as specific case studies illustrating recommended approaches to bring together planning and public health.
• WHO 2020: Urban Health Initiative model process (7)
The Urban Health Initiative model process and its step-wise approach can help urban leaders to create demand for action for healthier and more climate-friendly cities by making the best use of local data, knowledge, competencies and processes to include health in the development equation. The model process comprises six levels of urban transformation: i) mapping the current situation, policies and decision-making processes; ii) adapting and applying health and economic tools in the local context; iii) developing and testing scenarios; iv) building capacity to engage effectively; v) communication and outreach to sustain and mobilize support; and vi) monitoring results and refining policy.
• UN-Habitat: Global Land Tool Network (8)
The Global Land Tool Network is an alliance of international partners committed to increasing access to land and tenure security for all, with a particular focus on the poor and women. It uses a rights-based approach. The network’s partners include international civil society organizations, research and training institutions, bilateral and multilateral organizations and international professional bodies. The network provides a suite of land rights-based tools covering a range of subject areas.
• WHO Regional Office for Europe 2017: Urban green spaces: a brief for action (9)
This briefing presents the key findings of a review of research evidence and practical case studies on urban green space interventions and provides implications for practice. It covers urban green spaces and their benefits, and planning and design involving the community and stakeholders, while promoting monitoring and evaluation. It also describes potential risks and challenges to be considered and avoided with a set of key messages and further reading.
• FAO 2020: City region food systems programme (10)
A suite of online guidance, tools and information that offers concrete policy and programme opportunities through which rural and urban areas and communities in a given city-region can be directly linked. Directly addresses the wider determinants of health and sustainability through a territorial approach. The programme supports assessment and improvement of city-region food systems to help achieve better economic, social and environmental conditions in both urban and nearby rural areas.
• WHO 2015: Measuring the age-friendliness of cities: a guide to using core indicators (11)
The tool is based on the perspectives and inputs of older people, caregivers and service providers collected from 33 cities across all six WHO regions: African, Americas, Eastern Mediterranean, European, South-East Asia and Western Pacific. The publication focuses on eight key domains of urban life that encompass determinants of health and well-being: outdoor spaces and buildings; transportation; housing; respect and social inclusion; civic participation and employment; social participation; community and health services; and communication and information.
• UNICEF 2018: Shaping urbanization for children. A handbook on child-responsive urban planning (12)
This handbook on child-responsive urban planning provides details for creating thriving and equitable cities where children live in healthy, safe, inclusive, green and prosperous communities. By focusing on children, this publication provides guidance on the central role that urban planning should play in achieving the SDGs. It is applicable for global perspectives and local contexts for all cities. It provides a highly accessible presentation of concepts, evidence and technical strategies to bring children to the foreground of urban planning.
• UN-Habitat 2001: Tools to support participatory urban decision making (13)
This toolkit is a contribution to the Global Campaign on Urban Governance, an initiative led by UN-Habitat in collaboration with a whole range of partners whose development goal is to contribute to the eradication of poverty through improved urban governance. This toolkit will contribute to the wider dialogue, advocacy and capacity-building efforts towards improved urban governance.